The 36 different spellings of the family name in this list have been identified from the usual sources covering the period 1600 - 1699. There will be other variants in this period which are not yet identified, and there will be more variants in other periods. These variations occur for several reasons:

• speech impediment by the declarer.
• hearing impediment by the listener.
• local pronunciation being misunderstood.
• semi-literacy on the part of the recorder.
• routine copying of previous irregularities.

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